Rechargeable battery circuit modeling and analysis of the battery characteristic in charging and discharging processes by dexinghui kong a thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree master of science approved july 2012 by graduate supervisory committee. Keywords parameters estimation methods, matlabsimulink, thevenin battery model, pngv, freedomcar battery. The accuracy of estimated parameters has been validated by developing a thevenin equivalent circuit model of the battery using extracted parameters, and simulating voltage responses of the battery in matlab simulink platform and comparing the responses with the experimental results. In this paper, an electrical battery model is developed in matlab simulink. Ros remote operating system allows the user to control the abc150 for manual or automated testing. A typical discharge curve consists of three sections. The circuit on the left can be replaced with the thevenin equivalent voltage source having the equivalent opencircuit voltage vth 32 v and equivalent resistance r th 8 ohm if the load resistance r l connected to the terminals a and b is to be optimized for the maximum power dissipated in it, then rlopt r th. During this process, a new general equation is derived. An accurate soc is also a very important input for the battery management system. Q bol is the battery s maximum capacity, in ah, at the beginning of life bol and at nominal ambient temperature q eol is the battery s maximum capacity, in ah, at the end of life eol and at nominal ambient temperature. Lithium ion battery state of charge estimation using matlab simulink. An accurate electrical battery model capable of predicting. The implementation in matlabsimulink makes it easy for the users to run coupled simulations of their custom battery models together with other subsystem models of the electric vehicle like. Overall, the battery lasts longer and provides better performance.
Soc0 for a empty battery 0%, soc100 for a full charged. Rechargeable battery circuit modeling and analysis of the. Pdf battery models parameter estimation based on matlab. Battery modeling can help to predict, and possibly extend this lifetime. Dynamic electrical model of sealed lead acid battery for. Demonstration of application of simulink to thevenin s theorem realization. There i can see that i have to copy 6 battery cell block and connect them in serie. To configure the simulation model of the battery with iscr in matlab simulink 11, the firstorder rc model 12 of the battery was used. Analysis of a modified equivalent circuit model for lithiumion battery modules in cubesats james j.
A complete cycle is obtained when the battery is discharged and charged or conversely. Parameter estimation in leadacid battery equivalent circuit models. I found out your lithium battery model, simscape language and simulink design optimization some weeks ago and it is very helpful. The open circuit voltage and internal resistance are nonlinear characteristics indicated by k soc 25. Figure 45 structure of model for simulink implementation69 figure 46 terminal voltage of battery. An electrical equivalent circuit model of a lithium. The internal electrochemical reaction in a conventional twoterminal battery can be explained by a simple equivalent circuit model. A stable matlabsimulink model was developed and validated. Lead acid battery equivalent circuit simulink model. Lead acid battery equivalent circuit simulink model please help me to make simulink matlab model of 12v 4. Then it describes the process of creating a new battery circuit model which is referred to as the kinetic battery model. The secondorder thevenin model adds an additional rc loop to the firstorder thevenin model, which can accurately simulate the charge and discharge behavior of the battery.
No manual tuning of parameters required for validation. Haverkort abstract the use of mobile devices is often limited by the capacity of the employed batteries. Thevenin model, which is an extension of the rc model e. Keywords parameters estimation methods, matlab simulink, thevenin battery model, pngv, freedomcar battery model. Paez sandia national laboratories, albuquerque, nm 1 accurately predicting a battery s life is an important issue. In section 7 the discussed models are evaluated, and we give a motivation for our choice to combine the kinetic battery model with workload models. Lithium battery cell two rcbranch equivalent circuit.
State of charge estimation for liion battery based on extended. The original equation in the kinetic battery model is only valid at a. The equivalent circuit model ecm approach bor yann liaw, rudolph g. Simple battery model another commonly used battery model is the thevenin battery model, which is shown in figure 2. An electrical equivalent circuit model of a lithium titanate oxide battery. A more general statement of thevenins theorem is that any linear active network consisting of independent or dependent voltage and current source and the network elements can be replaced by an equivalent circuit having a voltage source in series with a resistance, that voltage source being the open circuited voltage across the open circuited load terminals and the resistance. The thevenin model the thevenin model connects a parallel rc network in series based on the rint model, describing the dynamic characteristics of the battery. Modeling and simulation of an off grid pv system for with. A pdf of design calculations for buckboost converters. Thevenin models 11 assume the opencircuit voltage is constant and use a series resistor and.
Thevenins theorem dc network analysis electronics textbook. The thevenin and norton equivalent circuits are described using three parameters. Multitimescale parametric electrical battery model for. Temperaturedependent battery models for highpower lithiumion batteries subject two battery models matlab simulink environment for a highpower 6 ah lithiumion battery were used in simulations of hybridelectric vehicles. Two battery models matlab simulink environment for a highpower 6 ah lithiumion battery initial model based on available model. Battery model advantages disadvantages ah counting all battery systems, most applications thevenin model online, accurate if recalibration of measurement equipment is available initial value of soc, model for the losses, intensive cost in calibration, sensitive to parasite reactions discharge test all battery systems, most applications impedance. Javier, a mathworks application engineer, introduces the concept of an equivalent circuit to setup a battery. Electrical battery model for use in dynamic electric.
Temperaturedependent battery models for highpower lithium. Hjgc battery model presented in matlab using simulink and simscape. So, we can improve our model by including a dependence on the charge status of the cell. Modeling of lithiumion battery using matlabsimulink. The thevenin model is widely used to model liion batteries. Analysis of equivalent circuit models in lithiumion. Thevenin equivalent circuits introduction in each of these problems, we are shown a circuit and its thevenin or norton equivalent circuit. The presented thermal battery model library provides a good basis for development of detailed thermal models of battery packs with bottom plate cooling. Mar 28, 2014 the model has been developed in matlab simulink. A method for evaluating battery state of charge estimation accuracy. Efficient voltage control and power management, both are. Brittain, thevenin s theorem, ieee spectrum 273, 42 1990.
Apr 22, 2015 this leadacid battery simplified simulink model is for users who require the model of a leadacid battery as a part of their system. This example shows how to model a lithium cell using the simscape language to implement the elements of an equivalent circuit model with two rc branches. Leadacid battery simplified simulink model using matlab. Evaluation of lithiumion battery equivalent circuit models. Lithium battery cell one rcbranch equivalent circuit.
Lithiumion liionlithiumpolymer lipo batteries are considered as highcapacity batteries, which can be designed for either high energy or high power applications. The application of genetic algorithms to parameter. An accurate battery model in simulation platform is very important to design an efficient battery powered system. The battery lifetime determines how long one can use a device. Voc, the open circuit voltage of the circuit, isc, the short circuit of the circuit and rth, the thevenin resistance of the circuit. First, an equivalent circuit battery mathematical model was developed with the aim of simulating the behaviour of a lithiumion battery as accurately as possible. An accurate estimation of the state of charge soc of the battery is of great significance for safe and efficient energy utilization of electric vehicles. Paez sandia national laboratories, albuquerque, nm 1 accurately predicting a batterys life is an important issue for the energy storage community. Ns1 for 1 cell battery, ns2 for 2 cells battery battery voltage is double from 1 cell soc is the initial state of charge in percent e.
Battery capacity level soc characteristic, that can perform battery charge and discharge time at various current rate conditions, are accounted by the model. Find the thevenin source voltage by removing the load resistor from the original circuit and calculating the voltage across the open connection points where. Sine pwm inverter simulink model, spwm in simulink. Electric vehicle drive simulation with matlabsimulink. Ece47105710, equivalentcircuit cell models 22 state of charge when a cell is fully charged, its opencircuit voltage is higher than when it is discharged. Apr 22, 2015 pin configurations c is the amphour battery capacity ah e. An electrical equivalent circuit model of a lithium titanate. This ameliorated thevenin battery model conceders the hysteresis phenomena effects on battery cells behaviour. The number of rc pairs reflects the number of time constants.
Based on the internal resistance model, the thevenin model 6 11 is constructed by introducing the resistor and capacitor parallel circuits to describe the polarization effect inside the battery packs. To create parameter data for the equivalent circuit battery block, follow these workflow steps. Part of theaerospace engineering commons this thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the student graduate works at afit scholar. Over the years, many techniques have been proposed for estimation of the battery soc, and they generally depend. Estimation of state of charge for lithiumion battery. Generate parameter data for equivalent circuit battery. A threestage charging method for battery in photovoltaic power. Analysis of a modified equivalent circuit model for. This figure shows the equivalent circuit that the block models. Abstract battery characteristics and performances at different operating conditions are crucial in its applications especially in electrical vehicles evs. An equivalent circuit model analysis for the lithiumion. Evaluation of lithiumion battery equivalent circuit. As shown in figure 3, it is mainly composed of three parts including opencircuit voltage uoc, internal resistances and equivalent capacitances. Modeling of lithiumion battery considering temperature.
I thank alexander pal for providing me his simulink model of hybrid electric. A battery pack can be modeled by connecting multiple copies of the battery cell block in series. Dynamic electrical model of sealed lead acid battery for ev. Various battery models for various simulation studies and. Apr 28, 2017 automating battery model parameter estimation using experimental data matlab and simulink video.
A method for evaluating battery state of charge estimation accuracy masters thesis in the master degree programme. Modeling and simulation of an off grid pv system for with battery backup for remote and rural area network. Using mathworks tools, estimation techniques, and measured lithiumion or lead acid battery data, you can generate parameters for the equivalent circuit battery block. Javier gazzarri and christoph hahn introduce you to battery modeling using simulink. Thevenin based electrical model in its most basic form, a thevenin based model, shown in fig. A unique grid power controller for dfig based wind energy. Thevenin model online, accurate if recalibration of measurement equipment is available. The simulation are done using simulink toolbox under matlab, and the models of.
Battery charger modelling in simulink matlab answers. For the defining equations and their validation, see t. Some of the key system parameters were specified and others were modeled as ideal. Multitimescale parametric electrical battery model for use. Theveninbased electrical models and impedancebased electrical. The dynamics of the vehicle in terms of longitudinal and lateral forces are discussed and a model representing the phenomenon. Develop a battery model for an ev system semantic scholar. Lithiumion battery modeling for the automotive engineer. State of charge estimation for batteries athesis presented for the master of science degree the university of tennessee, knoxville. Modeling of lithiumion battery considering temperature and aging uncertainties by. Battery model simulink for 12v matlab answers matlab central. Modeling and simulation of a leadacid battery packs in. P a g e 2 declaration we hereby declare that this thesis titled electrical model of a solar car system using simulink and the work presented in it and submitted to the department of electrical and electronics. This paper proposes a simulation results of a mathematical model of a leadacid batteries, derived of the equivalent electric circuit.
Automating the parameter estimation of a battery model. Given the nonlinear dynamic system of the lithiumion battery, the parameters of the secondorder rc equivalent circuit model were calibrated and optimized using a nonlinear least squares algorithm in the simulink parameter. State of charge and state of health determination model for a. Based on an analysis of the traditional lithiumion battery equivalent circuit models such as the rint, rc, thevenin and pngv models, an improved thevenin model, named dual polarization dp model, is put forward by adding an extra rc to simulate the electrochemical polarization and concentration polarization separately. The first step in the development of an accurate battery model is to build and parameterize an equivalent circuit that reflects the battery s nonlinear behavior and dependencies on temperature, soc, soh, and current. The model can be used to evaluate the electric drives energy flow and efficiency for specific speed and torque load conditions. How to design basic gui graphical user interface in matlab and image processing. Automating battery model parameter estimation using. A simple thermal model is used to model battery temperature.
A parameter extraction method for the thevenin equivalent. With this type of model, the step changes in the voltage captured are represented with the internal ohmic resistance r0 and the exponential decay of the voltage response is. Temperaturedependent battery models for highpower lithiumion batteries valerie h. Battery models parameter estimation based on matlab simulink. The battery block implements a generic dynamic model that represents most popular types of rechargeable batteries. Battery models parameter estimation based on matlabsimulink. Lithiumion battery is potentially to be adopted as energy storage system for green technology applications due to its high power density and high energy density. The application of genetic algorithms to parameter estimation. Thermal model mask and the thevenin equivalent circuit model. Thevenin battery model is one of the most commonly used battery model. Parameter identification for a simulink model of a lithiumion battery in a. Thevenin, the partnership for a new generation of vehicles pngv, secondorder and randles battery models are used for battery model parameters estimation and. Simulated a bess using statespace based model with a thevenin battery model by using acdc converter and dcdc bidirectional converter, and controlled the system. The dynamic characteristics of the battery packs are simulated to some extent.
I also need to know how to design its resistance an capacitance values. Modeling and simulation of vehicular power systems masters thesis in the international masters program electric power engineering siavash zoroofi department of energy and environment division of electric power engineering chalmers university of. I am working with a team to create a battery management system. Paper open access thermal analysis for lithiumion battery. A method for evaluating battery state of charge estimation. Lithium ion battery simplified simulink model using matlab.
Automating the parameter estimation of a battery model robyn jackey, mathworks automate the parameter estimation of a batteryequivalent circuit model with simscape and simulink design optimization. For liion batteries, based on an analysis on the structure of the rint model and the thevenin model, an equivalent circuit model with nrc networks, named the np model hereafter, is built. A method based on extended kalman filter ekf was designed to estimate the model s parameters. Refer to the cadex c8000 product page or the user manual for more. Generate parameter data for equivalent circuit battery block. Modeling and soc estimation of lithium iron phosphate. These dependencies are unique to each battery s chemistry and need to be determined using measurements performed on battery. State of charge and state of health determination model. With an accurate and efficient battery model it can be predict and optimize battery.
The steps use numerical optimization techniques to determine the number of recommended rc pairs, provide initial estimates for the battery model circuit parameters, and estimate parameters to fit a model to experimental pulse discharge data. High fidelity electrical model with thermal dependence for characterization and. Among equivalent circuit models, the thevenin equivalent circuit model adequately applies to the operation of lithiumion batteries 6,7 6. The equivalent circuit battery block implements a resistorcapacitor rc circuit battery with open circuit voltage, series resistance, and 1 through n rc pairs. Keywords parameters estimation methods, matlabsimulink, thevenin battery model, pngv, freedomcar battery model. Electrical model of a solar car system using simulink. It is assumed that cooling is primarily via convection, and that heating is primarily from internal resistance.
The simulation model of the battery charging system has been set up by the matlabsimulink tool. In this paper, a generalpurpose three time constant dynamic electric battery model, suitable for liion, nimh, and leadacid batteries, is developed for use within a dynamic ev simulator. Analysis and simulation of a statespace based battery energy storage system by xiaojun feng. In addition, an improved thevenin battery model is achieved by adding an extra rc branch to the thevenin model. Simplified extended kalman filter observer for soc. Dynamic electrical model of sealed leadacid battery for ev simulation. Thevenins theorem is a way to reduce a network to an equivalent circuit composed of a single voltage source, series resistance, and series load. The thevenin model is achieved by adding an extra rc branch and the model parameters are identified employing. This model has a voltage source and internal battery resistance, and another resistance in parallel with a capacitance.
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